Europe
Overview
Demography
Capital: Bucharest
Currency: Romanian leu (RON)
Population: 19.05M
Population density: 82.85/km2
Conventions
Numbering system
Arabic numerals with comma as decimal separator
Date format: dd/mm/yyyy
Time: 24h time system
Country code: 0040
Economy
GDP: 382.56 billion USD (2024)
GDP per capita: 20,080.21 USD (2024)
Exports: 104 billion USD (2024)
Imports: 138 billion USD (2024)
T-index
0.35%
T-Index ranks countries according to their potential for online sales.
Statistics
Internet users: 94.0% penetration, 17.7 million
Unemployment rate: 5.38% (2024)
Urbanisation: 52.17% (2024)
Global Innovation Index: 49th out of 139 countries worldwide
Language data sources: Worlddata / EF; Demography data sources: World Bank / Worlddata / IBAN; Economy data sources: World Bank / OEC / T-index; Statistics data sources: DataReportal / World Bank / WIPO
If you need other information, below you can find a selection of economic/social/cultural data
Economy
GDP
$382.56 billion (2024)
Trade – Economic Complexity Index
Ranked 22nd out of 130 countries
The Economic Complexity Index (ECI) measures the sophistication and diversity of a country’s exports.
Product Imports
$138 billion (2024)
Service Imports
$30.21 billion (2024)
Market Growth Imports
4.05% of annual growth
Financial inclusion factors
• 71.3% have an account with a financial institution
• 22.2% have a credit card
• 47% make digital payment
Active E-commerce
42,055 active stores
GDP Growth (annual %)
0.92%
GDP per Capita
$20,080.21 (2024)
Product Exports
$104 billion (2024)
Service Exports
$42.89 billion (2024)
Market Growth Exports
-2.50% of annual growth
Main online stores
AliExpress, eMAG, Fashion Days, PC Garage, Dedeman, Altex, OLX Romania, Wolt (formerly Tazz), Carrefour Romania, Zalando.
Global Startup Ecosystem Index
Romania ranked 44th out of 100 countries, 32.9% of annual ecosystem growth
The Global Startup Ecosystem Index ranks countries by the strength of their startup ecosystems. It evaluates factors such as startup activity, ecosystem quality, and the business environment.
Economy data sources: World Bank / OEC / T-index / Joy of Creating / BrandNav
Trade balance of goods from 2014 to 2025
Source: Statista
Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)
Source: WorldBank
T-index
Reach most of the online purchasing power
T-Index ranks countries according to their potential for online sales. It estimates the market share of each country in relation to global e-commerce.
Try it nowMedia
Media language Romanian
The press
Adevărul, Libertatea, România Liberă, Evenimentul Zilei, Cotidianul, Jurnalul Național, Curierul Național, Click!, Cancan, Ziarul Financiar, Bursa, Capital
Magazines
Dilema Veche, Revista 22, Observator Cultural, România Literară, Apostrof, Formula AS
News Agency
Agerpres, Agerpres English, Mediafax, News.ro, Rador, AMOS News
Television
TVR 1, TVR 2, TVR 3, TVR Info, TVR Cultural, TVR Internațional
Radio
Radio România Actualități, Radio România Cultural, Radio România Muzical, Radio România Internațional, Radio București FM, Radio Cluj
Media data source: GlobalMediaList
Internet Data
Internet users
94.0% penetration, 17.7 million
Share of web traffic by device
54.00% mobile phones, 45.32% computers (laptops and desktops), 0.68% tablet devices and 0.01% other devices
Median speed of mobile Internet connection
74.88 Mbps (Download)
16.97 Mbps (Upload)
Median speed of fixed Internet connection
247.12 Mbps (Download)
169.42 Mbps (Upload)
Mobile connection as a percentage of total population: 135%
Most popular web search engines
Google (96.12%), Bing (2.63%), DuckDuckGo (0.46%), Yandex (0.37%), Yahoo! (0.28%), Ecosia (0.05%), Qwant (0.04%), Others (0.05%).
Share of AI web traffic referrals
ChatGPT (89.28%), Microsoft Copilot (5.87%), Perplexity (3.10%), Google Gemini (0.83%), Claude (0.73%), DeepSeek (0.20%).
Most used social media
Facebook (27.9%), WhatsApp (25.1%), TikTok (18.1%), Instagram (11.9%), Messenger (4.9%), X (1.9%), Pinterest (1.4%), Reddit (1.4%), Discord (1.0%), Snapchat (0.9%), LinkedIn (0.8%), Telegram (0.8%), iMessage (0.3%), Skype (0.3%), Quora (0.1%).
Percentage of mobile connections that are broadband (3G-5G): 98.6%
Internet data sources: DataReportal / Statcounter
Social statistics
Life expectancy
76.61 yrs (2023)
Current health expenditure
5.75% of GDP
Current education expenditure
93.18% of total expenditure in public institutions
CO2 emissions
3.73 metric tons per capita
Corruption Perceptions Index
Romania scored 45 out of 100, ranking 70th out of 182 countries.
The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) ranks countries by perceived levels of public sector corruption. It is based on expert assessments and business surveys, with higher scores indicating lower perceived corruption.
Religion
Eastern Orthodox (85.3%), Unspecified (6.5%), Roman Catholic (4.5%), Protestant (3%), Other (0.4%), None or Atheist (0.2%)
Ethnicity
Romanian (89.3%), Hungarian (6%), Romani (3.4%), Other (0.9%), Ukrainian (0.3%), German (0.1%)
World Happiness Index
Romania ranked 34th out of 147 countries, with a score of 6.629.
The World Happiness Index ranks countries by people’s self-reported life satisfaction. It also considers factors like income, health, social support, freedom, and trust.
Social statistics sources: World Bank / Transparency International / Worldometer / World Population Review / World Happiness Report
Research & Development
R&D Expenditure
0.46% of GDP
World Competitiveness Ranking
Romania ranked 61st out of 70 countries, with a score of 43.15
The World Competitiveness Ranking measures how well countries create an environment that supports business performance and long-term prosperity. It evaluates factors such as economic performance, government efficiency, business efficiency, and infrastructure.
World Digital Competitiveness Ranking
Romania ranked 47th out of 69 countries, with a score of 59.39
The World Digital Competitiveness Ranking measures how well countries adopt and develop digital technologies to drive economic transformation. It assesses factors such as knowledge, technology, and future readiness.
Technology – Economic Complexity Index
Ranked 42nd out of 97 countries
Research – Economic Complexity Index
Ranked 63rd out of 138 countries
The Economic Complexity Index (ECI) measures the sophistication and diversity of a country’s exports.
Global Innovation Index
Ranked 30th out of 39 European countries, and 49th out of 139 countries worldwide
The Global Innovation Index captures the innovation ecosystem performance of economies and tracks the most recent global innovation trends.
Research & Development sources: World Bank / OEC / WIPO / IMD